Zaheeruddin Babar Zaheer ud din Muhammad Babur is understood as the founding father of the Mughal dynasty which ruled the Indian Empire for almost 100 and fifty years and won many laurels in various domains of life. Zaheer_ud Din Muhammad Babur, surnamed “Babur” was born in 1483 to Omer Shaikh Mirza ( Fifth male descendant […]
Ibrahim Lodhi After the death of Sikandar Shah, his eldest son Ibrahim was placed on the throne on 21st November 1517 with the unanimous consent of the Afghan Nobles and he took up the title of Ibrahim Shah. He was intelligent, courageous, and brave. He had a reputation for piety and orthodoxy. Like his father, […]
Sikandar Lodhi Bahlol Lodhi was succeeded by his son Nizam Khan who took up the title of Sikandar Shah. There was some hesitation on the part of the nobles to just accept Sikandar Shah as their ruler as his mother was the daughter of a goldsmith and her son was more of a plebeian than […]
Bahlul Lodhi Bahlol Lodhi was the founding father of the Lodhi Dynasty. In 1419, Sultan Shah, his uncle was appointed the Governor of Sirhind by Khizar Khan and given the title of Islam Khan. Farishta tells us that Islam Khan married his daughter to Bahlol and although he had his sons, he nominated Bahlol as […]
Muhammad Shah Muhammad Shah was a weak and incompetent ruler and quite unable to deal with the forces of disorder and rebellion. Various governors became independent and powerful to be controlled by him. Multan became independent under the Langahs, and Bahlol Lodhi, the governor of Sirhind, extended his influence over eastern and central Punjab. The […]
Mubarak Shah After the death of Khizar Khan, his son Mubarak Shah ascended the throne of Delhi. He ruled for about twelve years, from 1421 to 1433. All his life was spent curbing one revolt or the other. Otherwise, his rule was uneventful as was that of his father. He repudiated allegiance to Shah Rukh, […]
Khizr Khan On the death of Muhammad Tughluq, the throne of Delhi was occupied by Daulat Khan Lodhi, who governed the country for about two years. In 1414, he was defeated by Khizar Khan, who was governor of Multan at the time of Taimur’s invasion and had been appointed by him as a governor of […]
Feroze Shah Tughluq Firuz Tughlaq is the third influential king of the Tughlaq dynasty. He was the son of Rajab the youngest brother of Giyathud-ud-Tughlaq and had special attention from his uncle in states matter. On Muhammad Bin Tughlaq’s death, the nobles and non-secular leaders approached his cousin Feroz to just accept the crown. Personally, […]
Muhammad Bin Tughluq Muhammad bin Tughlaq Shah generally called Muhammad Tughlaq, who ascended the throne after the death of his father has been a puzzle to historians. He received an honest liberal education and was highly gifted and accomplished. He was well-versed in logic, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and physical sciences and also knew about drugs […]
Ghiyasuddin Tughluq Ghiyath-ud-din Tughlaq was the founding father of the Tughlaq Dynasty. His father Malik Tughlaq was a Turkish slave of Ghiyath-ud-din Balban and his mother was a Jat lady of Punjab. Their son distinguished himself in the service of the Sultans of Delhi, and for his brilliant and victorious campaigns against Mongols earned the […]
Alauddin Khilji Alauddin Khalji was the nephew and son-in-law of Jalaluddin Khalji. After the downfall of the Malik Chajju and after being appointed the governor of Karah near Allahabad, he won over the boldness of the Sultan by surrendering a large amount of booty to him which he had collected in the expedition of Malwa […]
Jalaluddin Khilji Malik Feroz, the founding father of the Khalji dynasty, ascended the throne on 3rd June 1290 as Jalaluddin Khilji Firoz Shah. The Khaljis were Central Asian in origin but had lived in Afghanistan so long that they’d become different from the Turks in their customs and manners. The Muslim population of Delhi was […]
Ghaisuddin Balban Balban was an Ilbari Turk. His original name was Bahauddin. In his youth, he was imprisoned and sold as a slave in Baghdad by the Mongols. Then Iltutmish purchased him from his master in 1233. He enjoyed high posts during Iltutmish and Razia’s reign, but he proved treacherous and played a very important […]
Nasiruddin Mahmood Nasiruddin Mahmud was the posthumous child of the eldest son of Iltutmish Shahzada Nasiruddin. Because of his extreme love for the eldest son, Iltutmish gave the same name to his eldest son to his grandson. Iltutmish wanted the young baby to be considered his son and not grandson for dynastic reasons. So we […]
Razia Sultana Razia the daughter of Iltutmish, succeeded her half-brother Rukhnuddin Firoz Shah because of the Sultan of Delhi. Her brother was lazy engaged in sensual pleasures and did not rule properly. Razia was a highly educated lady of courage and foresight. She was said by Iltutmish sort of a son. She received training in […]
Shamsuddin Iltutmism Shamsuddin Iltutmish was a slave of Qutbuddin Aibak. Because of the good education and wide knowledge of the Islamic world, which he acquired during the first days of his adversity, he quickly rose to be the amir- i- shikar and son-in-law of his master within a decade. In 1206, he held the charge […]
Qutbuddin Aibak Qutbuddin Aibak is known in history as the founding father of the slave dynasty and it’s believed that the dynasty derives its name from Qutbuddin who was originally a slave. But it’s also true that before accession, Qutbuddin had received the letter of manumission from his master (Mohammad Ghori) and came to accession […]
Muhammad Ghuri Sultan Shahab-ud-din Muhammad also called, Muizzuddin Muhammad Bin Sam, was born in 1162. He was the younger brother of Ghiasuddin and son of Sultan Bahaudin Suri of Ghure. After Mahmud of Ghazni, the subsequent invader in India was Muhammad Ghuri. He belonged to the Ghorid dynasty which replaced the Ghaznavids in Afghanistan. After […]
Al-Behruni Al-Behruni was born in September 5, 973 in Khwarezm. His first twenty-five years were spent in Khwarezm where he studied fiqh, theology, grammar, mathematics, astronomy, medics, and other sciences. The end of the 10th century was the age of social unrest in the Islamic World. Thus in 995, he left for Bukhara, and in […]
Mahmood Ghaznavi Mahmood Gaznavi was born in 971AD, in khurasan. Mahmood Ghazni was the son of Abu Mansur Sabuktigin, who was a Turkish slave soldier of the Samanid ruler. In 994 Mahmood joined his father in the conquest of Ghazni for the Samanid ruler, it was a time of instability for the Samanid Empire. In […]
Muhammad Bin Qasim Muhammad bin Qasim was born around 695 AD. He belonged to the Saqqafi tribe; which had originated from Taif in Arabia. He grew up in the care of his mother; he soon became a great asset to his uncle Muhammad Ibn Yusuf, the governor of Yemen. His judgment, potential, and skills left […]
Sumundara Gupta Samudragupta (reigned 335-380) was the second ruler of the Gupta Dynasty, who ushered in the Golden Age in India. He was a benevolent ruler, an excellent warrior, and a patron of the arts. Samudragupta, son of Chandragupta I, was perhaps the greatest king of the Gupta dynasty. He took the Gupta dynasty from […]
Kanishka Kanishka was the king of the Kushana Empire in South Asia. Kanishka is considered to be one of the foremost significant rulers of the Kushan Kingdom, a part that included the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, Afghanistan, and possibly regions north of Kashmir in central Asia. He was famous for his military, political, […]
Ashoka Ashoka also called Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from CA. 269 BC to 232 BC. One of India’s greatest emperors, Ashoka reigned over most of present-day India after some military conquests. His empire stretched from the Hindu Kush Mountains mountains […]
Kautilya Kautilya, also called Chanakya or Vishnugupta (flourished 300 BCE), Hindu statesman and philosopher who wrote a classic treatise on polity, Artha-shastra (“The Science of Material Gain”), a compilation of virtually everything that had been written in India up to his time regarding artha (property, economics, or material success). Chanakya’s birthplace is a matter of […]
Chandra Gupta Maurya Chandragupta was the founding father of the Maurya dynasty, which ruled ancient India for about 140 years. His troops conquered one northern Indian kingdom after another and claimed lands that stretched as far west as Afghanistan. In this way, Chandragupta united northern India under one ruler for the first time in history. […]
